Scientists Discover Potential for Better Soybeans with Protection from Cyst Nematode

Researchers have identified new genetic resources to combat soybean cyst nematode (SCN), a microscopic roundworm that attacks plant roots and drains yields. It is the most damaging pathogen affecting soybean crops globally, resulting in significant losses.

In a study highlighted by the American Phytopathological Society, scientists analyzed the genomes of over 1,100 soybean accessions, including both cultivated and wild varieties from the USDA soybean germplasm collection, to find diverse alternatives. The study revealed soybean lines with similar profiles of known resistance genes sometimes showed very different levels of protection against the nematode. This suggests that previously unknown resistance genes are helping the plant defend against infection, thus opening doors to discovering entirely novel resistance genes and mechanisms.

One soybean line in particular, known as PI 602492, and a wild soybean line PI 522226, stood out for their consistent resistance to several SCN populations, and their resistance appears to function independently of the genes that dominate modern soybean breeding. This research is significant for global food security and economic stability within the agricultural sector. By diversifying the genetic makeup of soybean crops, farmers can mitigate yield losses that currently amount to billions of dollars annually. These newly discovered resources will allow for more robust crop rotation strategies and the development of "stacked" resistance traits.

For more details, read the news release from the American Phytopathological Society website.