A recent study by Bank Sarasin ("Renewable Energies 2010") "provides an in-depth and critical survey of the current status of renewable energies and highlights the different aspects that need to be taken into account for sustainable asset management purposes". The report says, that the future of biofuels is presently "still dominated by uncertainty, even though there are big opportunities for the new second and third generation technologies". The main mode of biofuel production (by fermentation to ethanol or transesterification to biodiesel) still uses "first-generation" (food-based) feedstocks. Second generation biofuel production technologies are said to be still in the "pilot phase", and commercial production may probably be realized by 2012, "at the earliest". Profitable biodiesel production using "third-generation feedstocks" ((from algae) may still not be possible until 2016 at the earliest. As many studies have shown, biofuels production from first generation feedstocks do not have maximum benefit in terms of food security, land-use issues, and LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)-based environmental benefits. According to the study, "First-generation biofuels in particular are in direct competition with food production and are forcing food prices upwards. The biofuel industry is therefore counting on the development of environmentally friendly and socially compatible technologies of the second and third generation". The complete report can be requested from the Bank Sarasin website (URL above).