A report by the European Renewable Energy Council (EREC) maps out a "100% Renewable Energy Vision for the European Union". The report stresses the need for "courage" for the EU "to lead the way out of this climate and energy dilemma with a clear commitment to a 100% renewable energy future by 2050". Called "Rethinking 2050", the EREC report examines the effects on Europe's energy supply system and on CO₂ emissions, while at the same time portraying the economic, environmental and social benefits of such a system. It presents a a "pathway towards a 100% renewable energy system for the EU". Among the highlights of the report (as mentioned by the bioenergy website) are: (1) different renewable energy technologies can contribute to a fully sustainable energy supply by 2050 provided there is strong political, public and economic support for all renewable energy technologies, (2) renewable energy deployment by 2020 will reduce annual energy related CO₂ emissions by about 1,200 Megatons against 1990 emissions, (3) the EU would be able to reduce its energy related CO₂ emissions by more than 90 per cent; the reduction would result in an additional total CO₂ benefit in 2050 of €3,800 billion, (4) to achieve 100% renewable energy supply, a "clear-cut and consistent matrix of measures must be put in place, among which are: effective and full implementation of the new RES Directive (2009) in all EU-27-member States, binding renewable energy targets by 2030, hybrid energy solutions/virtual power plants, and new transport solutions and 2050 Smart Cities. The full report can be obtained from the EU's Rethinking2050 website (URL above)..