Scientists Turn Plastic Waste into Vanilla Flavoring Using Engineered Bacteria

Scientists from the University of Edinburgh have developed a novel approach to combat plastic pollution by converting plastic waste into vanillin, the primary component responsible for vanilla's flavor and aroma. The study, published in Green Chemistry, highlights the potential of synthetic biology to repurpose polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste into a high-value product used in food, cosmetics, and industrial applications.

The research team genetically engineered the common laboratory bacterium Escherichia coli to convert terephthalic acid, a chemical obtained by breaking down PET, into vanillin through a series of biochemical reactions. The process was demonstrated by adding the engineered E. coli to the degraded plastic bottle and then transforming it into vanillin. According to Joanna Sadler, first author and BBSRC Discovery Fellow, this is the first example of using a biological system to upcycle plastic waste.

Dr. Stephen Wallace, principal investigator and UKRI Future Leaders Fellow, said that the study highlights the potential of plastic as a valuable carbon resource for producing high-value products. “This has very exciting implications for the circular economy,” Sadler said. The researchers said that the vanillin produced is fit for human consumption. The study sets the stage for further research and experimental tests needed to optimize vanillin production.

For more information, read the article from The University of Edinburgh or Edinburgh Innovations.