Researchers Develop Transgene-free Gene-edited Poplar Trees

A research team led by Prof. Wout Boerjan at VIB-UGent used gene editing to allow precise modifications in poplar trees without leaving any traces of foreign DNA. This innovation could streamline the development of improved tree varieties while reducing regulatory hurdles.

Integrating foreign DNA into the plant genome often encounters challenges in the approval process, especially for long-living species like poplar trees, which cannot be easily bred to remove genetic elements. To address this, the researchers used transient transformation to enable gene edits without permanently altering the plant's genome. Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens to deliver CRISPR molecules into poplar cells, they performed genetic edits without becoming part of the tree's DNA.

The research team used long-read whole-genome sequencing to confirm that no foreign DNA is present. The results showed that nearly 50% of the regenerated poplar shoots were entirely free of CRISPR traces. “This method offers a clear and practical path to creating trees that are more sustainable, climate-resilient, and easier to regulate. It could accelerate the deployment of genetically enhanced trees, with benefits for both the environment and the bio-based economy,” Prof. Boerjan said.

Read the article for more information.