A paper by Jeffrey Wolt from Iowa State University (United States) stresses the need for advancing risk assessment for transgenic biofuel crops as a "critical element to the rapid and cost effective development of plant biofuel resources". The use of modern biotechnology (in this instance, the use of "transgenics") is seen as an enabling technology that is "implicit in the successful movement towards a biofuel future". Transgenic biofuel feedstock cases include strategies to (1) improve the feedstock's "processability" for biofuel conversion (for example, imparting in planta bioprocessing enzymes, such as built-in amylases or cellulases within the plant, to reduce saccharification costs), and (2) to increase the feedstock tolerance to environmental stresses when grown in marginal land areas. The "use of a particular transgenic concept" often undergoes a broad range of commercial, regulatory, or public scrutiny, and considerations are often approached within a narrow, regulatory context, and a broader decision context. The paper discusses the advancement of transgenic plant risk assessment (with reference to bioenergy crops) by "appropriate interfacing science with the needs for decision-making". The full paper is published in the open access journal, Biotechnology for Biofuels (URL above)..