Scientists Uncover Genetic Switch for Strawberry Aroma

Researchers at the Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) have made a breakthrough in understanding what makes strawberries smell and taste appealing. In a study published in Horticulture Research, scientists successfully identified the FvHI gene as a key molecular regulator that controls the fresh, characteristic fragrance of the fruit. This gene acts as a switch, modulating the balance of aromatic compounds that consumers associate with a high-quality strawberry, paving the way for targeted breeding programs to improve fruit flavor.

The discovery focuses on regulating two key volatile compounds, known as Green Leaf Volatiles (GLVs). The CRAG team found that the activity of the FvHI gene dictates the ratio between (Z)-3-hexenal, which imparts "greener" notes, and (E)-2-hexenal, which is associated with fresher and sweeter sensations. By modulating the gene's expression—using a wild strawberry relative as a simpler genetic model—researchers demonstrated they could effectively tune the fruit's final aromatic profile, confirming FvHI's essential role in defining the characteristic smell and taste.

The implications of this genetic discovery extend beyond consumer satisfaction. Since the GLVs that define a strawberry's aroma are also integral to the plant's natural defense system, understanding their regulation offers a dual benefit. This research provides breeders with new tools to not only develop varieties with superior, consumer-preferred flavors but also to enhance crop resilience against damage and wounds. Ultimately, this advance supports strategies for agricultural sustainability by potentially leading to more robust crops less reliant on chemical treatments.

For more details, read the article in CRAG News.