Researchers Identify Soybean Gene that Could Help Crops Thrive in Acidic and Low-Phosphorus Soils

A study published in Plant Cell Reports found that the GmAP2 gene enhances soybean tolerance to aluminum toxicity and low-phosphorus stress, which are among the major challenges for crop productivity worldwide. By overexpressing this gene, the researchers observed an improvement in physiological indicators, such as fresh weight, root length, and number of lateral roots.

GmAP2 is primarily expressed in roots, and its activity increases under acidic and low-phosphorus conditions. In this study, the researchers found that overexpression of GmAP2 in soybean root hairs led to significant increases in above-ground dry weight, phosphorus content, and total phosphorus concentration. They also found that the proline contents in the GmAP2 lines significantly increased and the accumulation of malondialdehyde significantly decreased, which suggests increased tolerance to aluminum toxicity.

Further analysis revealed that GmAP2 activates genes, such as AtALMT1, AtMATE, AtSTOP1, and AtPHT1;1, which contribute to enhanced aluminum tolerance and phosphorus uptake. The team also found that GmAP2 promotes lateral root development, which allows plants to absorb nutrients more efficiently. The findings of the study provide insights into how GmAP2 helps plants improve stress tolerance and offer a theoretical foundation for developing soybean varieties that can thrive in acidic and low-phosphorus soils.

For more information, read the study from Plant Cell Reports.